The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2011 Aug;25(4):893-915. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2011.05.004.
The advent of targeted agents for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has led to dramatic improvements in therapy. However, the chronic use of these medications has also led to the identification of new toxicities that require long-term management. Effective management of toxicity is needed to maximize the benefits of treatment and improve patients' quality of life. In addition, toxicity from these agents may affect treatment compliance, particularly with daily oral agents. This review delineates the toxicities that require monitoring, the underlying pathophysiology (when known), and treatments that may have benefits in relieving symptoms and side effects.
靶向药物治疗晚期肾细胞癌的出现带来了治疗上的显著改善。然而，这些药物的长期使用也导致了新的毒性的出现，需要进行长期管理。有效的毒性管理对于最大化治疗的益处和提高患者的生活质量是必要的。此外，这些药物的毒性可能会影响治疗的依从性，特别是对于每日口服药物。本文综述了需要监测的毒性、潜在的病理生理学（如果已知）以及可能对缓解症状和副作用有好处的治疗方法。
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