Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London SE14 6NW, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2011 Oct;37(5):1643-8. doi: 10.1037/a0024669.
Caparos and Linnell (2009, 2010) used a variable-separation flanker paradigm to show that (a) when cognitive load is low, increasing perceptual load causes spatial attention to focus and (b) when perceptual load is high, decreasing cognitive load causes spatial attention to focus. Here, we tested whether the effects of perceptual and cognitive load on spatial focus remain when, respectively, cognitive load is high and perceptual load is low. We found that decreasing cognitive load only causes spatial attention to focus when perceptual load is high and the stimulus encourages this. Moreover, and contrary to the widely held assumption that perceptual load focuses attention automatically (Lavie, Hirst, de Fockert, & Viding, 2004), perceptual load exerts its focusing effect only with the engagement of cognitive resources when cognitive load is low. In sum, perceptual and cognitive mechanisms exert interacting effects and operate in concert to focus spatial attention.
卡帕罗斯和林内尔（2009、2010）采用变量分离的侧翼范式表明：（a）当认知负荷较低时，增加知觉负荷会导致空间注意力集中；（b）当知觉负荷较高时，降低认知负荷会导致空间注意力集中。在这里，我们测试了当认知负荷高而知觉负荷低时，知觉和认知负荷对空间焦点的影响是否仍然存在。我们发现，只有在知觉负荷高且刺激鼓励这种情况时，降低认知负荷才会导致空间注意力集中。此外，与普遍认为的知觉负荷自动集中注意力的假设（Lavie、Hirst、de Fockert 和 Viding，2004）相反，只有当认知负荷低时，认知资源的参与才会使知觉负荷产生集中注意力的效果。总之，知觉和认知机制相互作用，共同作用以集中空间注意力。
Zotero 插件