Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung `Angewandte Molekularbiologie', Universität, Duesbergweg 6, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 1998 Oct;6(2):125-33. doi: 10.1016/s1382-6689(98)00028-3.
Previous studies revealed that the marine sponge Halichondria panicea habors symbiotic- and commensalic bacteria (Althoff et al., 1998. Marine Biol. 130, 529-536). In the present study the hypothesis was tested whether some of those bacteria synthesize neuroactive compounds. For the first time the effect of bacterial bioactive compounds on the neuronal ionotropic glutamate receptors [iGluR], subtype N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, was checked. In cortical neurons from rats as cell system the supernatant of two bacterial cultures isolated from H. panicea proved to agonize the NMDA receptor. The response of the NMDA receptor to the bioactive compounds was determined by measuring the intracellular Ca(2+) level. The supernatants of cultures 697 and 698 were found to upregulate the intracellular Ca(2+) level. To validate the specificity of the effects, inhibition studies with Memantine and d-AP5 were performed. The two bacteria were identified by polymerase chain reaction-amplification of the 16S rDNA genes and subsequent sequencing; they displayed highest identity to Antarcticum vesiculatum and to Psychroserpens burtonensis, respectively. Based on these data first experimental evidence is presented indicating that bacteria associated with sponges display neuroactivity by agonizing the NMDA receptor.
先前的研究表明，海洋海绵 Halichondria panicea 拥有共生和共栖细菌（Althoff 等人，1998 年。海洋生物学 130，529-536）。本研究检验了这些细菌中是否有一些能合成神经活性化合物的假设。本文首次研究了细菌生物活性化合物对神经元离子型谷氨酸受体 [iGluR]，N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体亚型的影响。以大鼠皮质神经元为细胞体系，从 H. panicea 中分离出的两种细菌培养物的上清液被证明能激动 NMDA 受体。通过测量细胞内 Ca(2+)水平来确定 NMDA 受体对生物活性化合物的反应。培养物 697 和 698 的上清液被发现能上调细胞内 Ca(2+)水平。为了验证作用的特异性，进行了 Memantine 和 d-AP5 的抑制研究。通过聚合酶链反应扩增 16S rDNA 基因并随后测序对两种细菌进行了鉴定；它们与 Antarcticum vesiculatum 和 Psychroserpens burtonensis 的相似度最高。基于这些数据，首次提出了实验证据，表明与海绵相关的细菌通过激动 NMDA 受体表现出神经活性。
