Merrell R C
Department of Surgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Semin Surg Oncol. 1990;6(2):66-70. doi: 10.1002/ssu.2980060203.
Adenomas of the adrenal cortex which produce aldosterone (APA) are among the surgically correctible causes of hypertension accounting for 0.5 to 1.0% of all hypertensive etiologies. The adenomas have a 5:1 predilection for women and generally present with hypertension or profound hypokalemia. A low plasma renin activity completes the triad for primary hyperaldosteronism which could be caused by adrenocortical cancer, a neoplasm with an average diameter of 12 cm, or idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), a bilateral hyperplasia of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex which responds poorly to surgical resection. The adenomas are small (2 cm) but can be localized by imaging or selective venous sampling. Resection has a high success rate with minimal morbidity.
产生醛固酮的肾上腺皮质腺瘤（APA）是外科手术可矫正的高血压病因之一，占所有高血压病因的0.5%至1.0%。腺瘤在女性中更为常见，男女比例为5:1，通常表现为高血压或严重低钾血症。低血浆肾素活性是原发性醛固酮增多症三联征的一部分，原发性醛固酮增多症可能由肾上腺皮质癌引起，肾上腺皮质癌是一种平均直径为12厘米的肿瘤，也可能由特发性醛固酮增多症（IHA）引起，IHA是肾上腺皮质球状带的双侧增生，对手术切除反应不佳。腺瘤较小（2厘米），但可通过影像学或选择性静脉采样定位。切除成功率高，发病率低。
