Department of Social Science, Southwest Minnesota State University, 1501 State Street, Marshall, MN 56258, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2011 Dec;20(4):1532-47. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2011.07.004. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
Studies using Posner's spatial cueing paradigm have demonstrated that participants can allocate their attention to specific target locations based on the predictiveness of preceding cues. Four experiments were conducted to investigate attentional orienting processes operating in a high probability condition (cues 75% predictive) as compared to a low probability condition (cues 50% predictive) using various types of centrally-presented cues. Spatially-informative cues (arrows and circles with gaps) resulted in cueing effects (CEs) for both probability conditions, with significantly larger CEs in the high probability conditions than the low probability conditions. Participants in the high probability conditions reported little or no awareness of cue-target probabilities after task completion. Our results provide support for an implicit learning account of the proportion valid effect under experimental conditions involving spatially-informative central cues and relatively short stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs).
使用 Posner 的空间提示范式的研究表明，参与者可以根据先前提示的可预测性将注意力分配到特定的目标位置。进行了四项实验，以研究在高概率条件（提示 75%可预测）和低概率条件（提示 50%可预测）下操作的注意力定向过程，使用了各种类型的中央呈现提示。空间信息提示（带有缺口的箭头和圆圈）导致两种概率条件下的提示效应（CE），高概率条件下的 CE 明显大于低概率条件下的 CE。在任务完成后，高概率条件下的参与者报告几乎没有或没有意识到提示-目标概率。我们的结果为在涉及空间信息中央提示和相对较短刺激呈现时间差异（SOA）的实验条件下，比例有效效应的内隐学习解释提供了支持。
