Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2011 Aug;18(4):248-51. doi: 10.1097/MED.0b013e32834872ce.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder which affects millions around the world. The incidence of T1D in children is increasing worldwide at a rate that cannot be explained by genetics alone. This review explores the recent research regarding possible causes of this epidemic.
Investigation into T1D epidemiology has recently focused on several hypotheses. These theories include the role of infections, early childhood diet, vitamin D exposure, environmental pollutants, increased height velocity, obesity, and insulin resistance in the risk for T1D. Over the past year, the evidence has strengthened for early childhood infections, dietary proteins, and insulin resistance as risk factors for T1D, but not for vitamin D exposure or environmental pollutants.
Investigation into the source of the current epidemic of T1D has shed light on several possible causes, but has not provided definitive answers, yet.
1 型糖尿病（T1D）是一种影响全球数百万人的自身免疫性疾病。T1D 在儿童中的发病率正在以一种不能仅用遗传因素来解释的速度在全球范围内增加。本综述探讨了最近关于这种流行病可能病因的研究。
对 T1D 流行病学的研究最近集中在几个假说上。这些理论包括感染、儿童早期饮食、维生素 D 暴露、环境污染物、生长速度加快、肥胖和胰岛素抵抗在 T1D 风险中的作用。在过去的一年中，越来越多的证据表明儿童早期感染、膳食蛋白质和胰岛素抵抗是 T1D 的危险因素，但维生素 D 暴露或环境污染物不是。
对当前 T1D 流行的根源的调查揭示了一些可能的原因，但尚未提供明确的答案。
