Troytown Equine Hospital, Green Road, Kildare Town, Co Kildare, Ireland.
Ir Vet J. 2004 Dec 1;57(12):707-14. doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-57-12-707.
: This report presented a brief overview of the literature on the perinatal asphyxia syndrome (PAS) in foals as a prelude to a description of the investigation and treatment of acute onset seizures in a 24-hour-old Thoroughbred colt foal.PAS can cause a wide variety of clinical abnormalities, of which seizures due to encephalopathy are the most significant. The structural and biochemical components of CNS neurones are disrupted by the shift from oxidative to anaerobic metabolism, with a resultant deficit in cellular energy. The cells succumb to the combined effects of acidosis, neurotoxic activities of glutamate, nitric oxide and free radicals, lipid peroxidation, accumulation of intracellular calcium and destructive overactivity of intracellular enzymes. Concurrently, the hypoxia affects other organ systems and management of foals presenting with CNS signs requires the veterinarian to undertake a thorough clinical examination and to institute appropriate therapy for the various derangements induced by the hypoxic-ischaemic episode. Diazepam (0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg bwt) can be used for short-term control of seizures; phenobarbital (2 to 10 mg/kg bwt) may be required for more prolonged treatment of recurrent seizures. The needs of the affected foal for nutrients, fluids and electrolytes, antimicrobial therapy and ancillary therapies were discussed in the literature review and illustrated in the case report.
本报告简要概述了围产期窒息综合征（PAS）在马驹中的文献，作为描述一匹 24 小时大的纯种马驹急性发作癫痫的调查和治疗的前奏。PAS 可引起各种临床异常，其中脑病引起的癫痫发作最为重要。中枢神经系统神经元的结构和生化成分因氧化代谢向无氧代谢的转变而受到破坏，导致细胞能量不足。细胞会受到酸中毒、谷氨酸、一氧化氮和自由基的神经毒性作用、脂质过氧化、细胞内钙的积累以及细胞内酶的破坏性过度活动的共同影响。同时，缺氧会影响其他器官系统，管理出现中枢神经系统症状的驹需要兽医进行彻底的临床检查，并为缺氧缺血发作引起的各种紊乱实施适当的治疗。地西泮（0.1 至 0.2mg/kg bwt）可用于短期控制癫痫发作；苯巴比妥（2 至 10mg/kg bwt）可能需要更长期治疗复发性癫痫发作。在文献复习中讨论了受影响驹的营养、液体和电解质、抗菌治疗和辅助治疗的需求，并在病例报告中进行了说明。
