May Keith A, Zhaoping Li
Department of Computer Science, UCL, London, UK.
J Vis. 2011 Aug 23;11(9):11. doi: 10.1167/11.9.11.
J. W. Peirce (2007, p. 1) has proposed that saturating contrast-response functions in V1 and V2 may form "a critical part of the selective detection of compound stimuli over their components" and that supersaturating (non-monotonic) functions allow even greater conjunction selectivity. Here, we argue that saturating and supersaturating contrast-response functions cannot be exploited by conjunction detectors in the way that Peirce proposes. First, the advantage of these functions only applies to conjunctions with components of lower contrast than the equivalent non-conjunction stimulus, e.g., plaids (conjunctions) vs. gratings (non-conjunctions); most types of conjunction do not have this property. Second, in many experiments, conjunction and non-conjunction components have identical contrast, sampling the contrast-response function at a single point, so the function's shape is irrelevant. Third, Peirce considered only maximum-contrast stimuli, whereas contrasts in natural scenes are low, corresponding to a contrast-response function's expansive region; we show that, for naturally occurring contrasts, Peirce's plaid detector would generally respond more weakly to plaids than to gratings. We also reassess Peirce's claim that supersaturating contrast-response functions are suboptimal for contrast coding; we argue that supersaturation improves contrast coding, and that the multiplicity of supersaturation levels reflects varying trade-offs between contrast coding and coding of other features.
J. W. 皮尔斯(2007年,第1页)提出,V1和V2中饱和的对比度响应函数可能构成“对复合刺激相对于其组成部分进行选择性检测的关键部分”,并且超饱和(非单调)函数允许更高的联合选择性。在此,我们认为,饱和和超饱和的对比度响应函数无法以皮尔斯所提出的方式被联合探测器所利用。首先,这些函数的优势仅适用于那些组成部分对比度低于等效非联合刺激的联合情况,例如,格子图案(联合)与光栅(非联合);大多数类型的联合并不具备这一特性。其次,在许多实验中,联合和非联合组成部分具有相同的对比度,在单个点上对对比度响应函数进行采样,因此函数的形状无关紧要。第三,皮尔斯仅考虑了最大对比度刺激,而自然场景中的对比度较低,对应于对比度响应函数的扩展区域;我们表明,对于自然出现的对比度,皮尔斯的格子图案探测器通常对格子图案的响应比对光栅的响应更弱。我们还重新评估了皮尔斯的观点,即超饱和对比度响应函数在对比度编码方面是次优的;我们认为超饱和改善了对比度编码,并且超饱和水平的多样性反映了在对比度编码与其他特征编码之间不同的权衡。