Martinez-Finley Ebany J, Aschner Michael
Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA.
J Toxicol. 2011;2011:895236. doi: 10.1155/2011/895236. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
Metals have been definitively linked to a number of disease states. Due to the widespread existence of metals in our environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources, understanding the mechanisms of their cellular detoxification is of upmost importance. Organisms have evolved cellular detoxification systems including glutathione, metallothioneins, pumps and transporters, and heat shock proteins to regulate intracellular metal levels. The model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), contains these systems and provides several advantages for deciphering the mechanisms of metal detoxification. This review provides a brief summary of contemporary literature on the various mechanisms involved in the cellular detoxification of metals, specifically, antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese, mercury, and depleted uranium using the C. elegans model system for investigation and analysis.
金属已被明确与多种疾病状态相关联。由于金属在我们环境中广泛存在,既有天然来源也有人为来源,因此了解其细胞解毒机制至关重要。生物体已经进化出细胞解毒系统,包括谷胱甘肽、金属硫蛋白、泵和转运蛋白以及热休克蛋白,以调节细胞内金属水平。模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫(C. elegans)包含这些系统,为解读金属解毒机制提供了几个优势。本综述简要总结了当代文献中关于金属细胞解毒所涉及的各种机制,具体而言,使用秀丽隐杆线虫模型系统对锑、砷、镉、铜、锰、汞和贫铀进行调查和分析。