Sahu Rabi Narayan, Kumar Raj, Mahapatra A K
Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
J Pediatr Neurosci. 2009 Jan;4(1):20-4. doi: 10.4103/1817-1745.49102.
Infection of the central nervous system is a life-threatening condition in the pediatric population. Almost all agents can cause infection within the central nervous system and the extent of infection ranges from diffuse involvement of the meninges, brain, or the spinal cord to localized involvement presenting as a space-occupying lesion. Modern imaging techniques define the anatomic region infected, the evolution of the disease, and help in better management of these patients. Acute bacterial meningitis remains a major cause of mortality and long-term neurological disability. Fortunately, the incidence of infection after clean craniotomy is < 5%, but it leads to significant morbidity as well as fiscal loss. The most significant causative factor in postcraniotomy infections is postoperative CSF leak. Cerebral abscess related to organic congenital heart disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics is indicated for contaminated and clean-contaminated wounds.
中枢神经系统感染在儿科人群中是一种危及生命的疾病。几乎所有病原体都可导致中枢神经系统感染，感染范围从脑膜、脑或脊髓的弥漫性受累到表现为占位性病变的局限性受累。现代成像技术可明确感染的解剖区域、疾病的进展情况，并有助于更好地管理这些患者。急性细菌性脑膜炎仍然是死亡和长期神经功能残疾的主要原因。幸运的是，清洁开颅术后感染的发生率<5%，但它会导致严重的发病率以及经济损失。开颅术后感染最主要的致病因素是术后脑脊液漏。与器质性先天性心脏病相关的脑脓肿是儿科人群发病和死亡的主要原因之一。预防性使用抗生素适用于污染伤口和清洁-污染伤口。
