Kumarihamy Shanika Lm, Subasinghe Lushanika D, Jayasekara Prasanna, Kularatna Sanjeewa M, Palipana Priyaka D
Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
BMC Res Notes. 2011 Sep 9;4:336. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-336.
ECC remains a problem in both developed and developing countries and ECC has been considered to be present in epidemic proportions in the developing countries. The aetiology and associated factors of ECC should be studied adequately to overcome this health hazard. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of ECC in 1 to 2 years old children in some selected MOH areas (semi-urban) in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
This study was conducted as a cross sectional study. A total of 422 children aged 1-2 years were selected using systematic sampling technique in Maharagama, Piliyandala, Nugegoda and Boralesgamuwa MOH areas in Colombo district, Western province, Sri Lanka. The pre-test was done initially with 10 children aged 1 1/2 year olds.Prior to the clinical examination of each child, a questionnaire consisting questions regarding tooth brushing, dietary habits, breast and bottle feeding, long term medications(Sweetened medications taken more than 3 months), attending a dental clinic during pregnancy of mother and socio-economical status of the family was administered to mothers of those children. Sterile dental mouth mirrors were used to detect ECC in children.
The prevalence of ECC of the whole sample of 410 children aged 1-2 years was 32.19% and the mean dmft was 2.01 and the mean dmfs was 3.83. From the children who had ECC 95% were untreated. There were significant relationships between dmft and long term use of medications (p < 0.000), intake of sugar with milk (p = 0.013), sweet consumption (p = 0.013), employment of mothers (p < 0.000) and visiting a dental clinic during pregnancy (p < 0.000).
This study documents high prevalence and severity of ECC among 1-2 years old children in four selected MOH areas of Colombo district and caries in most of the children with ECC (95%) were untreated. Results reveal an urgent need to increase awareness among the public about ECC and institute preventive strategies.
在发达国家和发展中国家，早期儿童龋（ECC）仍然是一个问题，并且在发展中国家，ECC被认为呈流行态势。应充分研究ECC的病因及相关因素，以克服这一健康危害。本研究的目的是确定在斯里兰卡科伦坡地区一些选定的卫生部辖区（半城市地区）1至2岁儿童中ECC的患病率。
本研究作为一项横断面研究开展。采用系统抽样技术，在斯里兰卡西部省科伦坡地区的马哈拉加马、皮利扬达拉、努格戈达和博拉勒斯加穆瓦卫生部辖区，共选取了422名1至2岁的儿童。最初对10名1.5岁的儿童进行了预测试。在对每个儿童进行临床检查之前，向这些儿童的母亲发放了一份问卷，问卷内容包括关于刷牙、饮食习惯、母乳喂养和奶瓶喂养、长期用药（服用超过3个月的含糖药物）、母亲孕期是否就诊于牙科诊所及家庭社会经济状况等问题。使用无菌牙科口镜检测儿童的ECC。
410名1至2岁儿童的整个样本中，ECC的患病率为32.19%，平均龋失补牙面数（dmft）为2.01，平均龋失补牙面数（dmfs）为3.83。在患有ECC的儿童中，95%未接受治疗。dmft与长期用药（p < 0.000）、牛奶加糖摄入（p = 0.013）、甜食消费（p = 0.013）、母亲就业情况（p < 0.000）以及母亲孕期就诊于牙科诊所（p < 0.000）之间存在显著关系。
本研究记录了科伦坡地区四个选定卫生部辖区1至2岁儿童中ECC的高患病率和严重程度，并且大多数患有ECC的儿童（95%）的龋齿未得到治疗。结果表明迫切需要提高公众对ECC的认识并制定预防策略。
