[Perinatal outcomes of patients with gestational diabetes diagnosed by three different methods].

BACKGROUND

Gestational diabetes is one of the most common diseases during pregnancy. Despite this situation, there is still no consensus on methods for screening and diagnosis of this disease.

OBJECTIVE

To assess perinatal outcomes of patients with gestational diabetes diagnosed using three different methods.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Clinical observational, longitudinal, randomized trial at the National Institute of Perinatology Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes. We included all patients admitted to the Institute for a period of three months without pregestational diabetes. Patients were screened for gestational diabetes with an oral load of 50 g of glucose. Patients with a positive screen were randomized by a computer program that randomly chose patients and made a curve according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association 75 g or 100 g and another group with 75 g according to the criteria of the World Health Organization. Patients with gestational diabetes were followed throughout pregnancy until its reclassification in the puerperium.

RESULTS

Screening was performed in 863 patients and 87 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Perinatal outcomes were similar in patients with gestational diabetes diagnosed using different methods, but there was a higher frequency of pregnancy-induced hypertension in patients diagnosed with the curves of the American Diabetes Association 75 and 100 g compared with the curve of the World Health Organization.

CONCLUSIONS

The American Diabetes Association diagnostic method as the World Health Organization are acceptable forms to diagnose gestational diabetes.