Guerreschi Pierre, Gahagnon Thomas, Vacher Christian, Drizenko Antoine, Francke Jean-Paul, Labbe Daniel
Plastic Surgery Department, Lille Regional University Hospital, 2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59037, Lille Cedex, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2011 Dec;33(10):863-8. doi: 10.1007/s00276-011-0882-y. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
The masticatory muscles have a common embryological origin. Despite numerous anatomical studies their close anatomical relationships are not always accurately described in anatomical treatises. An expansion of the masseter muscle inserted into the deep surface of the superficial temporal aponeurosis has been described. Despite the classical description of two transition bundles (Yoshikawa et al. in Kaibogaku Zasshi 37:206-217, 1962), the literature concerning these fibres has remained difficult to interpret. Given the clinical applications of the lengthening of the temporal muscle in myoplasty, it is important that we have accurate anatomical knowledge of it.
We dissected 14 embalmed or untreated anatomical cadaver heads with a sex ratio of 1 in order to analyse the aforementioned fibres and their variations. A radiologic study allowed us to understand the entanglement of the fibres. 10 craniofacial MRI were processed by 3D MPR reconstruction.
The fibres were identified as an expansion of the posterior head of the masseter muscle and distinct from the two classically described transition bundles. These were present in all subjects of both sexes. We can systematically describe their origin, trajectory and termination.
Fibres belonging to masseter muscle pass up to the zygomatic arch and terminate on the deep surface of the temporal fascia. Awareness of the nature and trajectory of these muscular fibres allows us to avoid taking "wrong path" when approaching the temporal muscle tendon on the coronoid process via the temporal fossa.
咀嚼肌有共同的胚胎学起源。尽管有大量解剖学研究，但解剖学专著中对它们紧密的解剖关系描述并不总是准确。已有文献描述了咬肌的一个延伸部分插入到颞浅筋膜的深面。尽管有对两个过渡束的经典描述（吉川等人，《解剖学杂志》37:206 - 217，1962年），但关于这些纤维的文献仍难以解读。鉴于颞肌延长术在肌成形术中的临床应用，准确了解其解剖结构很重要。
我们解剖了14个经过防腐处理或未处理的解剖学尸体头部，男女比例为1:1，以分析上述纤维及其变异情况。一项放射学研究使我们能够了解纤维的缠绕情况。通过三维多平面重建处理了10例颅面部磁共振成像。
这些纤维被确定为咬肌后头部的延伸部分，与经典描述的两个过渡束不同。男女所有受试者中均存在这些纤维。我们可以系统地描述它们的起源、走行和终止情况。
属于咬肌的纤维向上延伸至颧弓，并终止于颞筋膜的深面。了解这些肌纤维的性质和走行，使我们在经颞窝接近冠状突上的颞肌腱时能避免走“错路”。
