Louisiana Tumor Registry, Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Nov;65(5 Suppl 1):S26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.034.
Most melanoma studies use data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program or individual cancer registries. Small numbers of melanoma cases have limited in-depth analyses for all racial and ethnic groups.
We sought to describe racial and ethnic variations in melanoma incidence and survival.
Incidence for invasive melanoma and 5-year melanoma-specific survival were calculated for whites, blacks, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, Asians/Pacific Islanders (API), and Hispanics using data from 38 population-based cancer registries.
Incidence rates of melanoma were significantly higher for females than males among whites and Hispanics under 50 years of age and APIs under 40 years of age. White and black patients were older (median age: 59-63 years) compared with Hispanics, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, and API (median age: 52-56 years). The most common histologic type was acral lentiginous melanoma among blacks and superficial spreading melanoma among all other racial and ethnic groups. Hispanics had the highest incidence rate of acral lentiginous melanoma, significantly higher than whites and API. Nonwhites were more likely to have advanced and thicker melanomas at diagnosis and lower melanoma-specific survival compared with whites.
Over 50% of melanoma cases did not have specified histology. The numbers of nonwhite patients were still relatively small despite broad population coverage (67% of United States).
Racial and ethnic differences in age at melanoma diagnosis, anatomic sites, and histologic types suggest variations in etiologic pathways. The high percentages of advanced and thicker melanomas among nonwhites highlight the need to improve melanoma awareness for all race and ethnicity in the United States.
大多数黑色素瘤研究使用来自国家癌症研究所监测、流行病学和结果计划或个别癌症登记处的数据。少数黑色素瘤病例对于所有种族和族裔群体的深入分析有限。
我们旨在描述黑色素瘤发病率和生存的种族和族裔差异。
使用来自 38 个基于人群的癌症登记处的数据，计算白人、黑人、美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民、亚洲/太平洋岛民（API）和西班牙裔人群中浸润性黑色素瘤的发病率和 5 年黑色素瘤特异性生存率。
在 50 岁以下的白人、西班牙裔以及 40 岁以下的 API 中，女性黑色素瘤发病率明显高于男性。与西班牙裔、美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民和 API 相比，白人及黑人患者年龄更大（中位年龄：59-63 岁）。最常见的组织学类型是黑人中的肢端雀斑样黑色素瘤和所有其他种族和族裔群体中的浅表扩散黑色素瘤。西班牙裔人群中肢端雀斑样黑色素瘤的发病率最高，明显高于白人及 API。与白人相比，非白人在诊断时更有可能患有晚期和更厚的黑色素瘤，且黑色素瘤特异性生存率更低。
超过 50%的黑色素瘤病例没有指定的组织学类型。尽管有广泛的人群覆盖（占美国人口的 67%），但非白人患者的数量仍然相对较少。
黑色素瘤诊断时的年龄、解剖部位和组织学类型的种族和族裔差异表明病因途径存在差异。非白人中晚期和更厚的黑色素瘤比例较高，突出了在美国需要提高所有种族和族裔对黑色素瘤的认识。
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