Taylor-Sands Michelle
Melbourne Law School, The University of Melbourne.
Monash Bioeth Rev. 2010 Sep;29(2):12.1-15. doi: 10.1007/BF03351522.
In this article, I will explore the ethical concerns arising out of the use of preimplantation tissue typing (PTT) to create saviour siblings. There are two main ethical concerns about the welfare of the child to be born as a result of PTT. The first is whether the child to be born is treated as a commodity, as simply a means to save the life of his or her sibling. The second is whether the child to be born will be harmed as a result of PTT, either physically, psychologically or socially. These two ethical concerns reflect an individualistic approach to the welfare of the child, whose interests are treated as largely separate to the interests of other family members. I will argue that the welfare of the child born as a result of PTT should be conceived more broadly to include not only the child's individual interests, but also the collective interests the child shares with his or her family. I base this broader conception of welfare on the notion of human flourishing, which recognises that the welfare of a child is inextricably connected to the welfare of the intimate collective that is his or her family. The collective interests of intimate family members are particularly relevant in the context of PTT, as the members are engaged in a shared journey to save the life of an ill child.
在本文中，我将探讨因使用植入前组织配型（PTT）来创造“救星同胞”而引发的伦理问题。对于因PTT而即将出生的孩子的福祉，存在两个主要的伦理问题。第一个问题是，即将出生的孩子是否会被当作商品对待，仅仅被视为拯救其同胞生命的一种手段。第二个问题是，即将出生的孩子是否会因PTT而在身体、心理或社会层面受到伤害。这两个伦理问题反映了一种对孩子福祉的个人主义观点，即孩子的利益在很大程度上被视为与其他家庭成员的利益相分离。我将论证，因PTT而出生的孩子的福祉应被更广泛地理解，不仅要包括孩子的个人利益，还要包括孩子与其家庭共享的集体利益。我将这种更广泛的福祉概念建立在人类繁荣的观念之上，这种观念认识到孩子的福祉与他或她的家庭这个亲密集体的福祉有着千丝万缕的联系。在PTT的背景下，亲密家庭成员的集体利益尤为相关，因为家庭成员们正共同踏上拯救患病孩子生命的旅程。
