Fifth Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Pituitary. 2012 Dec;15(4):505-12. doi: 10.1007/s11102-011-0357-5.
Neuro-endocrine deficiencies have been argued to be common sequelae after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). As this, however, does not resemble our clinical experience, we studied the incidence of neuro-endocrine and neuropsychological deficits after aSAH. Twenty-six patients (20 females) were prospectively screened for neuro-endocrine and neuropsychological deficits 3, 6 and 12 months after aSAH. GH, IGF-1, prolactin, LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone, ACTH as well as cortisol during ACTH-stimulation were assessed. Neuropsychological analysis covered verbal comprehension, short term and working memory, visuospatial construction, figural memory, psychomotor speed, attention, and concentration. During the study period 5 individuals demonstrated neuro-endocrine dysfunction. Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism resolved spontaneously in 2 patients and central hypothyroidism in one of these patients during the study. After 12 months three patients presented low IGF-1 levels. 73.9% of our cohort was affected by neuropsychological deficits during follow-up. At 3, 6 and 12 months the prevalences were 56.5, 52.6 and 42.1%, respectively. Interestingly, all patients with neuro-endocrine dysfunction presented impaired clinical outcome with a GOS 4 at some time point of the study (GOS 4 vs. 5, 45.5% vs. 0, P = 0.007). We found a low prevalence of neuro-endocrine and a high prevalence of neuropsychological deficits in patients 3, 6 and 12 months after aSAH without significant interrelation. Spontaneous recovery of neuro-endocrine alterations most likely presents an adaption to or dysfunction after severe illness. This hypothesis is strengthened by the fact that only patients with inferior clinical outcome after aSAH as assessed by GOS demonstrated neuro-endocrine dysfunction.
神经内分泌缺陷被认为是蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)后的常见后遗症。然而,这与我们的临床经验不符,因此我们研究了 aSAH 后神经内分泌和神经心理学缺陷的发生率。26 名患者(20 名女性)前瞻性筛选了 aSAH 后 3、6 和 12 个月的神经内分泌和神经心理学缺陷。评估了 GH、IGF-1、催乳素、LH、FSH、雌二醇、睾酮、ACTH 以及 ACTH 刺激期间的皮质醇。神经心理学分析包括言语理解、短期和工作记忆、视空间构建、图形记忆、运动速度、注意力和集中力。在研究期间,有 5 名患者表现出神经内分泌功能障碍。2 名患者的促性腺激素低下性性腺功能减退症自发缓解,其中 1 名患者的中枢性甲状腺功能减退症在研究期间缓解。12 个月后,有 3 名患者出现 IGF-1 水平降低。我们队列中有 73.9%的患者在随访期间出现神经心理学缺陷。在 3、6 和 12 个月时,患病率分别为 56.5%、52.6%和 42.1%。有趣的是,所有出现神经内分泌功能障碍的患者在研究的某个时间点都存在临床预后不良,表现为 GOS 评分为 4(GOS 4 与 5 相比,45.5%与 0 相比,P = 0.007)。我们发现,aSAH 后 3、6 和 12 个月的患者中,神经内分泌缺陷的患病率较低,而神经心理学缺陷的患病率较高,且两者之间无明显相关性。神经内分泌改变的自发恢复很可能是严重疾病后的适应或功能障碍。这一假设得到了以下事实的支持:只有 GOS 评估的临床预后较差的患者表现出神经内分泌功能障碍。