Sukumar S
Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037.
Cancer Cells. 1990 Jul;2(7):199-204.
Carcinogen-induced animal tumor models are invaluable resources for studies aimed at understanding the participation of ras oncogenes in multistep carcinogenesis. Mutationally activated ras oncogenes are frequently detected in chemically induced animal tumors. The nature of the mutations in ras oncogenes reflects the chemical specificity of the carcinogen, implying that the carcinogen interacts with ras sequences. In chemically induced rat mammary tumor models, ras activation is the earliest detectable change in the mammary gland cells following administration of the chemical. Further, expression of the tumorigenic phenotype of cells containing activated ras requires the cooperation of normal physiological factors that are active during puberty.
致癌物诱导的动物肿瘤模型是旨在了解ras癌基因在多步骤致癌过程中参与情况的研究的宝贵资源。在化学诱导的动物肿瘤中经常检测到经突变激活的ras癌基因。ras癌基因中的突变性质反映了致癌物的化学特异性，这意味着致癌物与ras序列相互作用。在化学诱导的大鼠乳腺肿瘤模型中，ras激活是给予化学物质后乳腺细胞中最早可检测到的变化。此外，含有激活型ras的细胞的致瘤表型的表达需要青春期活跃的正常生理因素的协同作用。
