Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 2011 Nov;38(4):471-81, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
Accurate lymph node staging in genitourinary (GU) malignancies is important for planning an appropriate treatment and establishing an accurate prognosis. This article discusses the novel imaging techniques for detection of metastases in various GU malignancies, including prostate, bladder, penile, and testicular cancers. Discussion includes nuclear medicine techniques of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), (11)C-choline and (18)F-choline PET/CT, and ProstaScint scanning, as well as sentinel lymph node mapping. Magnetic resonance (MR) techniques include lymphotropic nanoparticle-enhanced MR imaging and diffusion-weighted MR imaging.
准确的泌尿生殖系统（GU）恶性肿瘤淋巴结分期对于制定适当的治疗计划和建立准确的预后非常重要。本文讨论了各种 GU 恶性肿瘤转移检测的新型影像学技术，包括前列腺癌、膀胱癌、阴茎癌和睾丸癌。讨论内容包括核医学技术，如（18）F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）、（11）C-胆碱和（18）F-胆碱 PET/CT 以及 ProstaScint 扫描，以及前哨淋巴结绘图。磁共振（MR）技术包括淋巴靶向纳米颗粒增强磁共振成像和弥散加权磁共振成像。
