Bayani Jane, Diamandis Eleftherios P
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011 Nov 3;50(2):211-33. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2011.750.
The human kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) gene belongs to the 15-member kallikrein (KLK) gene family mapping to chromosome 19q13.3-13.4. Encoding for an enzyme with trypsin-like properties, KLK6 can degrade components of the extracellular matrix. The successful utilisation of another KLK member (KLK3/PSA) for prostate cancer diagnosis has led many to evaluate KLK6 as a potential biomarker for other cancer and diseased states. The observed dysregulated expression in cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and skin conditions has led to the discovery that KLK6 participates in other cellular pathways including inflammation, receptor activation and regulation of apoptosis. Moreover, the improvements in high-throughput genomics have not only enabled the identification of sequence polymorphisms, but of transcript variants, whose functional significances have yet to be realised. This comprehensive review will summarise the current findings of KLK6 pathophysiology and discuss its potential as a viable biomarker.
人激肽释放酶相关肽酶6（KLK6）基因属于定位在19号染色体q13.3 - 13.4区域的由15个成员组成的激肽释放酶（KLK）基因家族。KLK6编码一种具有胰蛋白酶样特性的酶，可降解细胞外基质成分。另一个KLK成员（KLK3/前列腺特异性抗原）在前列腺癌诊断中的成功应用促使许多人将KLK6评估为其他癌症和疾病状态的潜在生物标志物。在癌症、神经退行性疾病和皮肤疾病中观察到的表达失调促使人们发现KLK6参与了包括炎症、受体激活和细胞凋亡调控在内的其他细胞途径。此外，高通量基因组学的进步不仅能够识别序列多态性，还能识别转录变体，但其功能意义尚未明确。这篇综述将总结KLK6病理生理学的当前研究结果，并讨论其作为一种可行生物标志物的潜力。
