Gates G A, Cooper J C, Kannel W B, Miller N J
Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Ear Hear. 1990 Aug;11(4):247-56.
Many studies have documented the decline in auditory function with age. We broaden that data base in this the first of a series of reports emanating from the auditory testing of the Framingham cohort during biennial exam 18. The results of the auditory questionnaire, hearing sensitivity, acoustic compliance measures, and word recognition tests obtained from 1662 men and women in their 60th through 90th decades are presented. Pure-tone thresholds increased with age but the rate of change with age did not differ by gender even though men had poorer threshold sensitivity. Maximum word recognition ability declined with age more rapidly in men than in women and was poorer in men than in women at all ages. Acoustic compliance and middle ear pressure did not vary with gender or age. Acoustic reflex thresholds to a contralateral stimulus at 1 kHz increased slightly with age, more in women than in men; ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds did not vary with age or gender. Hearing aids were being used in only 10% of subjects likely to benefit from amplification.
许多研究都记录了听觉功能随年龄的衰退。我们在这一系列报告的第一篇中拓宽了该数据库，这些报告源自弗雷明汉队列在第18次两年一次体检时进行的听力测试。本文呈现了从60到90岁的1662名男性和女性那里获得的听觉问卷、听力敏感度、声顺测量以及单词识别测试的结果。纯音阈值随年龄增加，但年龄变化率在性别上并无差异，尽管男性的阈值敏感度较差。男性的最大单词识别能力随年龄下降的速度比女性更快，并且在所有年龄段中男性都比女性差。声顺和中耳压力在性别或年龄上并无差异。1千赫兹时对侧刺激的声反射阈值随年龄略有增加，女性比男性增加得更多；同侧声反射阈值在年龄或性别上并无变化。在可能从放大设备中受益的受试者中，只有10%的人正在使用助听器。
