Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Apr 23;156(1-2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.10.026. Epub 2011 Oct 25.
Globalisation, in terms of the rapid and free movement of people, animals and food, has created a new paradigm, increasing the range and rate of distribution of many pathogens. In the present study, Torque teno sus viruses (TTSuVs) have been used as a model to evaluate the effects of global trade on viral heterogeneity, and how the movement of live pigs can affect the distribution and composition of virus populations. Seventeen countries from different parts of the world have been screened for TTSuV1 and TTSuvV2. High levels of genetic diversity have been found as well as two new TTSuV subtypes. A small fraction of this diversity (<5%) was related with spatial structure; however the majority (>50%) was best explained by the exchange of live pigs among countries, pointing to the direct relationship between the movement of hosts and the diversity of their accompanying viruses. Taking TTSuVs as sentinels, this study revealed that the distribution and diversity of comensal microflora in live animals subjected to global trade is shaped by the commercial movements among countries. In the case of TTSuVs, it appears that commercial movements of animals are eroding the genetic composition of the virus populations that may have been present in pig herds since their domestication.
全球化指的是人员、动物和食品的快速和自由流动，它创造了一个新的范例，增加了许多病原体的分布范围和速度。在本研究中，扭结瘤病毒（TTSuVs）被用作模型来评估全球贸易对病毒异质性的影响，以及活猪的流动如何影响病毒种群的分布和组成。来自世界不同地区的 17 个国家被筛选出 TTSuV1 和 TTSuvV2。研究发现，这些病毒具有高度的遗传多样性，并且出现了两种新的 TTSuV 亚型。这种多样性的一小部分（<5%）与空间结构有关；然而，大部分（>50%）则最好用国家间活猪的交流来解释，这表明宿主的流动与其伴随病毒的多样性之间存在直接关系。通过将 TTSuVs 作为监测器，本研究表明，受全球贸易影响的活体动物共生微生物区系的分布和多样性是由国家间的商业流动决定的。就 TTSuVs 而言，动物的商业流动似乎正在侵蚀自驯化以来可能存在于猪群中的病毒种群的遗传组成。
