Jensen Melinda S, Mathewson Kyle E
Department of Psychology, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Perception. 2011;40(8):1009-11. doi: 10.1068/p6880.
When viewing ambiguous figures like the classic duck/rabbit, people alternately perceive one interpretation and then the other, but not both interpretations at once. When two identical ambiguous figures appear together, the majority of observers perceive them as identical, and they typically alternate in unison. Just as most observers cannot see a single figure as both a duck and a rabbit, most cannot see one figure in a pair as a duck and the other as a rabbit even though the two figures and their features are spatially distinct. Is this inability to see both interpretations an inherent limitation of the visual system or is it just due to differences in top-down processing? We show that a simple prompt immediately allows people to see both interpretations, to their own surprise.
当观察像经典的鸭/兔这类模糊图形时,人们会交替地感知到一种解释,然后是另一种,而不会同时感知到两种解释。当两个相同的模糊图形一起出现时,大多数观察者会将它们视为相同,并且它们通常会同步交替。就像大多数观察者无法将一个图形同时看成鸭子和兔子一样,即使两个图形及其特征在空间上是不同的,大多数人也无法将一对图形中的一个看成鸭子而另一个看成兔子。这种无法同时看到两种解释的情况是视觉系统的固有局限,还是仅仅由于自上而下加工的差异呢?我们发现,一个简单的提示能立即让人们惊讶地同时看到两种解释。