Chan Daniel K Y, Reutens Sharon, Liu Dennis K W, Chan Richard O
University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Aust Fam Physician. 2011 Dec;40(12):968-72.
Frontotemporal dementia is the third or fourth most common form of dementia in the 45-65 years age group. It causes significant morbidity as well as a six to eightfold increase in mortality risk.
This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology of frontal lobe function and the genetics of frontotemporal dementia. It also summarises the clinical features, diagnosis and management of frontotemporal dementia.
While the clinical presentation of frontotemporal dementia was described as early as the nineteenth century, recent advances in genetics have resulted in greater understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. While imaging may support the diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia, it is essentially a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of typical clinical features and the findings of neuropsychological tests. Clinical management of frontotemporal dementia remains a challenge and is largely centred on behavioural management. Pharmacological agents such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and antipsychotics may be helpful, although evidence to support their use is minimal.
额颞叶痴呆是45至65岁年龄组中第三或第四常见的痴呆形式。它会导致严重的发病情况，以及死亡风险增加六至八倍。
本文概述额叶功能的病理生理学以及额颞叶痴呆的遗传学。它还总结了额颞叶痴呆的临床特征、诊断和管理。
虽然早在19世纪就描述了额颞叶痴呆的临床表现，但遗传学的最新进展使人们对这种疾病的病理生理学有了更深入的了解。虽然影像学可能支持额颞叶痴呆的诊断，但它本质上是基于典型临床特征的存在和神经心理学测试结果的临床诊断。额颞叶痴呆的临床管理仍然是一项挑战，并且很大程度上集中在行为管理上。选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和抗精神病药物等药物可能会有所帮助，尽管支持其使用的证据很少。
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