Evered Kyle T
Michigan State University, East Lansing.
Geogr Rev. 2011;101(3):299-315. doi: 10.1111/j.1931-0846.2011.00098.x.
Historical scholarship in traditional geopolitics often relied on documents authored by states and by other influential actors. Although much work in the subfield of critical geopolitics thus far has addressed imbalances constructed in official, academic, and popular media due to a privileging of such narratives, priority might also be given to unearthing and bringing to light alternative geopolitical perspectives from otherwise marginalized populations. Utilizing the early-1970s case of the United States' first “war on drugs,” this article examines the geopolitics of opium-poppy eradication and its consequences within Turkey. Employing not only archival and secondary sources but also oral histories from now-retired poppy farmers, this study examines the diffusion of U.S. antinarcotics policies into the Anatolian countryside and the enduring impressions that the United States and Turkish government created. In doing so, this research gives voice to those farmers targeted by eradication policies and speaks more broadly to matters of narcotics control, sentiments of anti-Americanism, and notions of democracy in Turkey and the region, past and present.
传统地缘政治领域的历史学术研究往往依赖于国家和其他有影响力的行为体撰写的文献。尽管到目前为止，批判性地缘政治子领域的许多工作都探讨了由于此类叙述受到优待而在官方、学术和大众媒体中构建的不平衡现象，但也可能应优先挖掘并揭示来自其他边缘化群体的另类地缘政治观点。本文以20世纪70年代初美国首次“毒品战争”为例，考察了罂粟根除行动在土耳其的地缘政治及其后果。本研究不仅利用档案资料和二手资料，还采用了现已退休的罂粟种植农民的口述历史，考察了美国反毒品政策在安纳托利亚乡村的传播以及美国和土耳其政府所留下的持久印象。通过这样做，本研究让那些成为根除政策目标的农民发出了声音，并更广泛地探讨了毒品管制问题、反美情绪以及土耳其及该地区过去和现在的民主观念。
