Orient J M
Infection Control Committee, Carondelet St. Joseph's Hospital, Tucson, Ariz.
South Med J. 1990 Oct;83(10):1121-7. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199010000-00003.
In determining infection control policy, it is essential to quantitatively assess the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to health care workers and their families. The risk should be placed in perspective by comparing it with other occupational hazards. The risk of seroconversion from a needlestick injury can be calculated from the probability of a needlestick occurrence, the probability that the source patient is infected, and the probability of seroconversion, given an exposure. The risk of seroconversion due to drawing 1000 blood specimens from seropositive patients is between 86 and 470 in 100,000. The risk to surgeons from performing 25 operations on infected patients is approximately 272 in 100,000. The risk of fatal injury in the course of one year's work on a Louisiana oil rig is between 188 and 283 per 100,000.
在确定感染控制政策时，定量评估人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播给医护人员及其家人的风险至关重要。应通过将其与其他职业危害进行比较来正确看待这种风险。针刺伤导致血清转化的风险可根据针刺伤发生的概率、源患者被感染的概率以及暴露后血清转化的概率来计算。从血清阳性患者身上采集1000份血标本导致血清转化的风险在十万分之86至470之间。外科医生为感染患者进行25台手术的风险约为十万分之272。在路易斯安那州的石油钻井平台上工作一年期间发生致命伤害的风险为十万分之188至283。
