Bardi Christian, Mariottini Yanina, De Wysiecki Maria L, Lange Carlos E
Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE) (CCT La Plata - CONICET - UNLP), Calle 2 No 584, CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Rev Biol Trop. 2011 Dec;59(4):1579-87.
Dichroplus exilis is a widely distributed species in Southern South America. Although there have been reports of D. exilis as an agricultural pest, some recent observations suggest that the damage attributed to D. elongatus may actually have been caused by D. exilis. This study was conducted to determine the postembryonic life cycle stages, fertility and food consumption of this species under controlled conditions (30 degrees C, 14L-10D, 40% RH). Individuals employed belong to the laboratory-hatched first generation (F1), from adults (n = 64, female = 28, male = 36) collected in natural grasslands near Rafaela, Santa Fe province in North-Eastern Argentina. Three cohorts of 16, 17 and 20 individuals were monitored independently in acetate tubes on a daily basis, until death of the last insect. Average fecundity was 381.84, 38.54 eggs per female. Egg-pod incubation time was 14.4, 1.08 days and six nymphal instars were recorded. Nymphal development time was 41.38, 0.71 days (I = 8.73, 0.20; II = 6.38, 0.24; III = 5.64, 0.33; IV = 7.15; 0.43; V=9.76, 0.54; IV = 7.85, 0.95). The recorded food consumption was 9.89, 1.08 (mg/ind/day) for nymphs IV, 18.04, 0.73 (mg/ind/day) for nymphs V-IV, 16.76, 1.06 (mg/ind/day) for pre-reproductive males, 28.09, 1.81 (mg/ind/day) for pre-reproductive females, 7.71,0.91 (mg/ind/day) for reproductive males and 13.06, 0.71 (mg/ind/day) for reproductive females, while the average adult food consumption, regardless of sex and reproductive status, was 16.41, 4.32 mg/day. Average food consumption of adult females was 17.47, 1.15 mg, and was significantly higher than that of males (10.83, 0.91mg). Data obtained in this study showed that D. exilis exhibits at least some of the biological attributes needed to configure an actual or potential agricultural pest, albeit not yet recognized as such. Field monitoring of grasshopper communities in areas where damage by D. exilis is suspected is envisaged in order to determine its possible status as a pest.
细角蝗（Dichroplus exilis）是南美洲南部广泛分布的物种。尽管有报道称细角蝗是农业害虫，但最近的一些观察表明，归因于长翅蝗（D. elongatus）的损害实际上可能是由细角蝗造成的。本研究旨在确定该物种在受控条件下（30摄氏度、14小时光照 - 10小时黑暗、40%相对湿度）的胚后生命周期阶段、繁殖力和食物消耗量。所使用的个体属于实验室孵化的第一代（F1），来自于在阿根廷东北部圣菲省拉费拉附近天然草原采集的成虫（n = 64，雌性 = 28，雄性 = 36）。将三组分别为16、17和20只个体的样本独立放置在醋酸管中，每天进行监测，直至最后一只昆虫死亡。平均繁殖力为每只雌性381.84、38.54枚卵。卵荚孵化时间为14.4、1.08天，记录到有六个若虫龄期。若虫发育时间为41.38、0.71天（I龄 = 8.73、0.20；II龄 = 6.38、0.24；III龄 = 5.64、0.33；IV龄 = 7.15、0.43；V龄 = 9.76、0.54；VI龄 = 7.85、0.95）。记录的食物消耗量为：IV龄若虫9.89、1.08（毫克/个体/天），V - IV龄若虫18.04、0.73（毫克/个体/天），未成熟雄性16.76、1.06（毫克/个体/天），未成熟雌性28.09、1.81（毫克/个体/天），成熟雄性7.71、0.91（毫克/个体/天），成熟雌性13.06、0.71（毫克/个体/天），而无论性别和生殖状态，成虫的平均食物消耗量为16.41、4.32毫克/天。成年雌性的平均食物消耗量为17.47、1.15毫克，显著高于雄性（10.83、0.91毫克）。本研究获得的数据表明，细角蝗展现出了构成实际或潜在农业害虫所需的至少一些生物学特性，尽管尚未被认定为害虫。设想对疑似受到细角蝗损害地区的蝗虫群落进行实地监测，以确定其作为害虫的可能状况。
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