Marom Tal, Cinamon Udi, Castellanos Paul F, Cohen Marta C
Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Holon, Israel.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Mar;76(3):311-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.12.008. Epub 2012 Jan 11.
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is characterized by the sudden death of an apparently otherwise healthy infant, typically during sleep, and with no obvious case after a thorough post-mortem and scene death examination.
To address the problem from the otolaryngologist's perspective, describe relevant pathologies, discuss controversies and suggest preventive measures in high-risk populations.
A MEDLINE search and hand search were conducted to identify reports published between 1969 and 2011 in the English language on the pathophysiology of SIDS related to the head and neck organs. Search terms included SIDS (MeSH term), SIDS and pathophysiology (text words), and SIDS and autopsy (text words).
A growing number of reports suggested head and neck organs involvement in SIDS autopsies. Laryngeal, oropharyngeal, maxillofacial, otologic, cervical vascular abnormalities and infectious etiologies, were recognized and discussed.
Otolaryngologists should be aware of relevant pathologies, as some are treatable, if identified early enough in infancy. A proactive risk-management approach is warranted in infants presenting with certain abnormalities reviewed here.
婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）的特征是表面看似健康的婴儿突然死亡，通常发生在睡眠期间，并且在全面的尸检和现场死亡检查后没有明显病因。
从耳鼻喉科医生的角度解决该问题，描述相关病理情况，讨论争议点并提出高危人群的预防措施。
进行了医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）检索和手工检索，以识别1969年至2011年间以英文发表的关于与头颈部器官相关的婴儿猝死综合征病理生理学的报告。检索词包括婴儿猝死综合征（医学主题词）、婴儿猝死综合征与病理生理学（文本词）以及婴儿猝死综合征与尸检（文本词）。
越来越多的报告表明在婴儿猝死综合征尸检中发现头颈部器官受累。喉、口咽、颌面、耳科、颈部血管异常和感染性病因已得到确认并进行了讨论。
耳鼻喉科医生应了解相关病理情况，因为如果在婴儿期足够早地识别出来，有些情况是可以治疗的。对于本文所回顾的出现某些异常的婴儿，应采取积极的风险管理方法。
