吸烟者和非吸烟者纹状体多巴胺 D2/D3 受体可及性的性别差异。
Sex differences in striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability in smokers and non-smokers.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012 Aug;15(7):989-94. doi: 10.1017/S1461145711001957. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
Abstract
In previous research, nicotine-dependent men exhibited lower putamen D2/D3 dopamine-receptor availability than non-smokers (Fehr et al. 2008), but parallel assessments were not performed in women. Women and men (19 light smokers, 18 non-smokers) were tested for differences due to sex and smoking in striatal D(2)/D(3) dopamine-receptor availability, using positron emission tomography with [(18)F]fallypride. Receptor availability was determined using a reference region method, in striatal volumes and in whole-brain, voxel-wise analysis. Significant sex × smoking interactions were observed in the caudate nuclei and putamen. Post-hoc t tests showed that male smokers had significantly lower D(2)/D(3) dopamine-receptor availability than female smokers (-17% caudate, -21% putamen) and male non-smokers (-15% caudate, -16% putamen). Female smokers did not differ from non-smokers. Whole-brain analysis demonstrated no statistically significant voxels or clusters. These results suggest that low receptor availability may confer vulnerability to nicotine dependence or that smoking selectively affects D2/D3 receptor down-regulation in men but not women.
摘要
在之前的研究中，与不吸烟者相比，尼古丁依赖的男性纹状体 D2/D3 多巴胺受体的可用性较低（Fehr 等人，2008 年），但尚未对女性进行平行评估。使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和 [(18)F]fallypride ，对女性和男性（19 名轻度吸烟者，18 名不吸烟者）进行纹状体 D(2)/D(3) 多巴胺受体可用性的性别和吸烟差异测试。使用参考区域方法，在纹状体体积和全脑体素分析中确定受体可用性。在尾状核和壳核中观察到显著的性别×吸烟相互作用。事后 t 检验显示，男性吸烟者的 D(2)/D(3) 多巴胺受体可用性明显低于女性吸烟者（尾状核-17%，壳核-21%）和男性不吸烟者（尾状核-15%，壳核-16%）。女性吸烟者与不吸烟者无差异。全脑分析未显示出统计学上显著的体素或簇。这些结果表明，低受体可用性可能使个体易患尼古丁依赖，或者吸烟选择性地影响男性而不是女性的 D2/D3 受体下调。
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