Practical aspects of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer management: patient case studies.

Interactive case studies formed a key feature of the third annual Interactive Genitourinary Cancer Conference held in April/May 2011 in Budapest, Hungary. These cases were used to discuss the practical aspects of the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Particular emphasis was placed on audience participation with potential management options posed as interactive questions to the delegates. This paper summarises these case studies and the related discussion. Docetaxel is the standard first-line chemotherapeutic agent for patients with mCRPC and, until recently, second-line therapeutic options were limited. Results from the recently completed TROPIC trial showed a statistically and clinically significant improvement in overall survival with the microtubule inhibitor cabazitaxel compared with mitoxantrone. Cabazitaxel has been shown to be well tolerated and has been approved in Europe and the USA as second-line chemotherapy for mCRPC. Prognostic factors have a potential benefit in individualised patient management in mCRPC. Pretreatment prognostic factors, including PSA doubling time, pain, visceral metastases, anaemia and progression of osseous metastases, have been shown to predict survival outcomes and can be used to guide treatment strategies, including appropriate timing of chemotherapy.   Multiple treatment options and significant heterogeneity among patients with advanced prostate cancer necessitate multidisciplinary team management in addition to patient education, as part of a patient-centred approach. The development of second-line chemotherapeutic agents together with the use of prognostic factors and a patient-centred multidisciplinary team approach provide encouraging new management prospects for patients with mCRPC.