Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Box 1020, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2012 Mar;25(2):137-53. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2011.586030. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
The goodness-of-fit coping hypothesis posits that problem-focused (PF) coping is particularly helpful under high controllability conditions, while emotion-focused (EF) coping is more helpful in low controllability situations. However, little research has examined whether the goodness-of-fit hypothesis applies to religious coping, a distinct set of coping resources and efforts. Further, little goodness-of-fit research has been conducted in the context of life-threatening illness. We tested coping goodness-of-fit for PF and EF as well as religious coping resources and strategies in 202 congestive heart failure (CHF) patients. Multiple regression analyses examined the extent to which each type of coping, health locus of control (HLOC) regarding their CHF, and their interactions related to subsequent depressed affect. Neither religious coping efforts nor religious resources were related to depressed affect. However, when examined in conjunction with internal HLOC, active coping and organized religious commitment were related to less depression for those higher in internal HLOC, while daily spiritual experience was related to less depression for those lower in HLOC. These results partially support the goodness-of-fit hypothesis and indicate a need to consider the perceived controllability of situations when examining the associations of religious coping resources and activities on depressive symptoms in the context of illness.
适应良好的应对假说认为，问题焦点（PF）应对在高可控性条件下特别有帮助，而情绪焦点（EF）应对在低可控性情况下更有帮助。然而，很少有研究探讨适应良好的假设是否适用于宗教应对，宗教应对是一套独特的应对资源和努力。此外，在威胁生命的疾病背景下，很少有适应性研究。我们在 202 名充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者中测试了 PF 和 EF 的应对适应性，以及宗教应对资源和策略。多元回归分析考察了每种应对方式、对 CHF 的健康控制源（HLOC）以及它们之间的相互作用与随后的抑郁情绪的关系。宗教应对努力和宗教资源都与抑郁情绪无关。然而，当与内部 HLOC 一起检查时，积极应对和有组织的宗教承诺与内部 HLOC 较高者的抑郁程度较低有关，而日常精神体验与 HLOC 较低者的抑郁程度较低有关。这些结果部分支持了适应良好的假设，并表明在研究宗教应对资源和活动与疾病背景下抑郁症状之间的关联时，需要考虑到对情况的可控制性的感知。
