Höcker J T, Letzel S, Münster E
Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz.
Gesundheitswesen. 2012 Dec;74(12):818-21. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1299779. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Deaf citizens are confronted with barriers in a health-care system shaped by hearing people. Therefore the German legislature provides a supply with sign language interpreters at the expense of the health insurances. The present study initially examines in how far the deaf are informed about this and use said interpreters. Traditional surveys are based on spoken and written language and therefore are unsuitable for the target audience. Because of this, a cross-sectional online study was performed using sign language videos and visually oriented answers to allow a barrier-free participation. With a multivariate analysis, factors increasing deaf people's risks not to be informed of the supply with interpreters were identified: Of 841 deaf participants, 31.4% were not informed of their rights. 41.3% have experience with an interpreter at the doctor's and report a mainly trouble-free reimbursement of costs. Young and modestly educated deaf have a higher risk of not being informed of the interpreter supply. Further information is necessary to provide equality of opportunities to deaf patients utilising medical benefits.
在由听力正常的人主导的医疗体系中，聋人公民面临着诸多障碍。因此，德国立法机构规定由医疗保险出资提供手语翻译服务。本研究首先考察了聋人在多大程度上了解这一情况并使用这些翻译。传统的调查基于口语和书面语言，因此不适用于目标受众。鉴于此，开展了一项横断面在线研究，使用手语视频和视觉导向的答案，以实现无障碍参与。通过多变量分析，确定了增加聋人未被告知有翻译服务风险的因素：在841名聋人参与者中，31.4%的人不知道自己的权利。41.3%的人在看医生时有过使用翻译的经历，并报告费用报销基本顺利。年轻且受教育程度较低的聋人未被告知有翻译服务的风险更高。为了让使用医疗福利的聋人患者享有平等机会，还需要进一步的信息。
