Trifan Adriana, Aprotosoaie Ana Clara, Spac A, Hăncianu Monica, Miron Anca, Stănescu Ursula
Disciplina de Farmacognozie, Facultatea de Farmacie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie "Gr.T.Popa" Iaşi.
Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2011 Oct-Dec;115(4):1271-7.
Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) is a well known herb, native to the Mediterranean region, also intensively cultivated in Romania. The essential oil obtained from Coriandri fructus posseses antimicrobial, antioxidant and anxiolytic effects. Many parameters such as genetic and climatic factors or agronomical practices can influence the yield and composition of the volatile fraction. Plant density is an important factor for the microenvironment in coriander field.
In order to study the effect of planting density on the yield of the essential oil and its composition, a bifactorial experiment was carried out on coriander plants (Sandra cultivar).
The experiment was performed with three plant densities on the row (0, 15 and 20 cm); the distance between plant rows was 12.5, 25 and 50 cm, respectively. So, it resulted nine experimental variants. The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from fruits have been characterized using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis (GC-MS).
The highest yield (7.9866 kg/ha) was obtained for the plants spaced at 20 cm in between and 25 cm row spacing. The highest content of monoterpene alcohols (50.96%) was obtained with 25 cm row spacing and plant spaced at 0 cm on the row. The main components in all oils were monoterpene alcohols (40.75% - 50.96%) and monoterpenes (32.43-38.44%).
The essential oil of coriander fruits (Sandra cultivar) does not meet the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia, especially concerning the content in linalool. Nevertheless, the high content in monoterpene alcohols and monoterpenes recommends the use of the essential oil as immunomodulatory, analgesic and antiinflammatory agent in rheumatology and also as an antibacterial and antiviral agent. Consequently, the changes in yield and composition of the essential oil of Sandra coriander should be assesed during several periods of vegetation in order to conclude on its pharmaceutical quality.
芫荽（伞形科）是一种著名的草本植物，原产于地中海地区，在罗马尼亚也有广泛种植。从芫荽子中提取的精油具有抗菌、抗氧化和抗焦虑作用。许多参数，如遗传和气候因素或农艺措施，都会影响挥发成分的产量和组成。种植密度是香菜田微环境的一个重要因素。
为了研究种植密度对精油产量及其组成的影响，对香菜植株（桑德拉品种）进行了双因素试验。
试验采用三种行内种植密度（0、15和20厘米）；植株行距分别为12.5、25和50厘米。因此，得到了九个实验变体。通过水蒸馏法从果实中获得的精油已使用气相色谱和质谱分析（GC-MS）进行了表征。
在行间距为25厘米、植株在行内间距为20厘米时，产量最高（7.9866千克/公顷）。在行间距为25厘米、植株在行内间距为0厘米时，单萜醇含量最高（50.96%）。所有精油的主要成分是单萜醇（40.75%-50.96%）和单萜（32.43-38.44%）。
芫荽果实（桑德拉品种）的精油不符合欧洲药典的要求，特别是在芳樟醇含量方面。然而，单萜醇和单萜的高含量推荐将该精油用作风湿病中的免疫调节、镇痛和抗炎剂，也用作抗菌和抗病毒剂。因此，为了确定其药用质量，应在几个生长阶段评估桑德拉香菜精油产量和组成的变化。
