Miller Steven Mark, Ngo Trung Thanh, van Swinderen Bruno
Perceptual and Clinical Neuroscience Group, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Central Clinical School, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2012 Jan 18;5:188. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00188. eCollection 2011.
Human perception, and consequently behavior, is driven by attention dynamics. In the special case of rivalry, where attention alternates between competing percepts, such dynamics can be measured and their determinants investigated. A recent study in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, now shows that the origins of attentional rivalry may be quite ancient. Furthermore, individual variation exists in the rate of attentional rivalry in both humans and flies, and in humans this is under substantial genetic influence. In the pathophysiological realm, slowing of rivalry rate is associated with the heritable psychiatric condition, bipolar disorder. Fly rivalry may therefore prove a powerful model to examine genetic and molecular influences on rivalry rate, and may even shed light on human cognitive and behavioral dysfunction.
人类的感知，进而行为，是由注意力动态驱动的。在竞争这一特殊情况下，注意力在相互竞争的感知之间交替，这样的动态过程能够被测量，其决定因素也能得到研究。最近一项针对果蝇（黑腹果蝇）的研究表明，注意力竞争的起源可能相当古老。此外，人类和果蝇在注意力竞争速率上都存在个体差异，而在人类中，这种差异受到相当大的遗传影响。在病理生理学领域，竞争速率的减慢与遗传性精神疾病双相情感障碍有关。因此，果蝇的竞争可能会成为一个强大的模型，用于研究基因和分子对竞争速率的影响，甚至可能有助于揭示人类认知和行为功能障碍。
