Evidence for the role of 34-kDa galactoside-binding lectin in transformation and metastasis.

The endogenous Mr 34,000 galactoside-binding lectin (L-34) is found at elevated levels in a wide variety of neoplastic cells and correlative evidence suggests that it is involved in tumor metastasis in vivo and in transformation in vitro. We demonstrate here that introduction of recombinant L-34 into tumorigenic, weakly metastatic UV-2237-cl-15 fibrosarcoma cells results in an increased incidence of experimental lung metastases in syngeneic and nude mice. Transfection of normal BALB/c-A31 cloned fibroblasts with functional L-34 results in acquisition of anchorage-independent growth and in morphological transformation in vitro but not in tumorigenicity in vivo. These results provide direct evidence that the cellular expression of L-34 is associated with some aspects of transformation and with metastasis, but not with tumorigenicity per se.