MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2012 Mar-Apr;37(2):116-21. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0b013e31824239ce.
Between 4% and 18% of women worldwide are affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and have the hormonal imbalances that lead to the cascade of symptoms, including weight gain and obesity. One of the first suggested treatments for infertility associated with PCOS is weight reduction, which has been shown to increase the chance of spontaneous ovulation and menstruation. Pharmacologic treatment usually includes metformin alone or in conjunction with clomiphene; both have been shown to increase conception rates and decrease risk of preeclampsia once pregnancy is achieved. Limited research has been published about the efficacy of oral contraceptives in producing conception. If pregnancy still eludes women with PCOS after initial pharmacologic treatments, gonadotropin therapy by itself or in conjunction with assisted reproductive therapy is considered. These treatments come with higher expense, and increased risk, and require extensive counseling prior to implementation. Additional research is needed to better understand what risks exist for pregnant women with PCOS and for their newborns.
全世界有 4%至 18%的女性受到多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 的影响，她们存在导致一系列症状的激素失衡，包括体重增加和肥胖。针对与 PCOS 相关的不孕，首先建议的治疗方法之一是减轻体重，这已被证明可增加自发性排卵和月经的机会。药物治疗通常包括单独使用二甲双胍或与枸橼酸氯米酚联合使用；这两种药物都已被证明可以提高受孕率，并降低一旦怀孕后子痫前期的风险。关于口服避孕药在受孕方面的疗效，发表的研究有限。如果最初的药物治疗后，多囊卵巢综合征的女性仍然难以怀孕，可单独使用或与辅助生殖治疗联合使用促性腺激素治疗。这些治疗方法费用更高，风险更大，在实施前需要进行广泛的咨询。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解患有 PCOS 的孕妇及其新生儿存在哪些风险。
