Xie Jin, Li Zhao-Li, Li Yong-Mei, Guo Fang-Fang
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 Dec;22(12):3169-76.
Eighty-six topsoil (0-20 cm) samples were collected from 8 land use types (natural forest land, maize field, tea garden, paddy field, rubber plantation, flax field, banana plantation, and sugarcane field) in the Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas, and the soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed, aimed to study the effects of land use type on the soil quality by the method of soil quality index (SQI). Comparing with natural forest land, all the cultivated lands had somewhat decreased soil organic matter content and higher soil bulk density, and the soil bulk density was significantly higher in tea garden, paddy field, rubber plantation, and banana plantation. In cultivated lands, fertilization and reclamation made the soil available potassium and phosphorus contents maintained at a higher level, probably due to the input of mineral potassium and phosphorus and the decomposition of soil organic matter. The SQI of the 8 land use types was in the order of flax field (0.595) > natural forest land (0.532) > maize field (0.516) > banana plantation (0.485) tea garden (0.480) sugarcane field (0.463) > paddy field (0.416) > rubber plantation (0.362). The soils in higher altitude production demonstration areas (1614 +/-115 m) had significant higher SQI, compared to the soils in lower altitude buffer areas (908 +/- 98 m) and junction areas (926 +/- 131 m). Among the 8 land use types, the rubber plantation in lower altitude areas had the lowest SQI, due to the lower soil organic matter and available potassium and phosphorus contents and the highest soil bulk density. Application of organic manure or intercropping with leguminous plants could be an available practice to improve the soil quality of the rubber plantation.
从纳板河流域国家级自然保护区及其周边地区的8种土地利用类型（天然林地、玉米地、茶园、稻田、橡胶园、亚麻田、香蕉园和甘蔗田）采集了86份表层土壤（0-20厘米）样本，并对土壤理化性质进行了分析，旨在通过土壤质量指数（SQI）法研究土地利用类型对土壤质量的影响。与天然林地相比，所有耕地的土壤有机质含量均有所下降，土壤容重较高，茶园、稻田、橡胶园和香蕉园的土壤容重显著更高。在耕地上，施肥和开垦使土壤有效钾和磷含量维持在较高水平，这可能是由于矿物钾和磷的输入以及土壤有机质的分解。8种土地利用类型的SQI顺序为：亚麻田（0.595）＞天然林地（0.532）＞玉米地（0.516）＞香蕉园（0.485）＞茶园（0.480）＞甘蔗田（0.463）＞稻田（0.416）＞橡胶园（0.362）。与低海拔缓冲区（908±98米）和交界区（926±131米）的土壤相比，高海拔生产示范区（1614±115米）的土壤SQI显著更高。在8种土地利用类型中，低海拔地区的橡胶园SQI最低，这是因为其土壤有机质、有效钾和磷含量较低，土壤容重最高。施用有机肥或与豆科植物间作可能是提高橡胶园土壤质量的有效措施。
