Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2012 May;22(5):266-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
During the formation of neuronal circuits, neurons respond to diffusible cues secreted by target tissues. Often, target-derived signals act on nerve terminals to influence local growth events; in other cases, they are transported long distances back to neuronal cell bodies to effect transcriptional changes necessary for neuronal survival and differentiation. Neurotrophins provide one of the best examples of target-derived cues that elicit an astonishingly diverse array of neuronal responses. Endocytic trafficking of neurotrophins and their receptors is a fundamental feature of neurotrophin signaling, allowing neurotrophins to control neuronal survival by retrograde transport of signaling endosomes containing ligand-receptor complexes. In this review we summarize recent findings that provide new insight into the interplay between neurotrophin signaling and trafficking.
在神经元回路形成过程中,神经元会对靶组织分泌的可扩散信号做出反应。通常,靶组织来源的信号作用于神经末梢,影响局部生长事件;在其他情况下,它们被远距离运输回神经元细胞体,以影响转录变化,从而促进神经元的存活和分化。神经营养因子提供了靶组织来源的信号的一个最佳例子,这些信号引发了惊人多样的神经元反应。神经营养因子及其受体的内吞运输是神经营养因子信号传递的一个基本特征,它允许神经营养因子通过含有配体-受体复合物的信号内体的逆行运输来控制神经元的存活。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近的发现,这些发现为神经营养因子信号传递和运输之间的相互作用提供了新的见解。