Kisku Ganesh Chandra, Pandey Poonam, Negi Mahendra Pratap Singh, Misra Virendra
Environmental Monitoring Section, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India.
J Environ Biol. 2011 Nov;32(6):831-8.
Uptake and accumulation of metals in crops may cause possible health risks through food chain. A field survey was conducted to investigate the accumulation of potentially toxic metals contamination in soil and plants irrigated with complexed industrial effluents. Concentration of Zn, Cu and Pb was 205-255,101-130,118-177 microg g(-1) in rhizosphere soils and 116-223, 57-102 and 63-95 microg g(-1) d. wt. in root and 95-186, 44-75 and 27-58 microg g(-1) d. wt. in shoot, respectively. The trend in Cu and Pb was in the order: soil > root > shoot > seed while in Zn it was soil > root > seed > shoot. Roots accumulated a larger fraction of soil Cu (70%) > Zn (67%) > Pb (54%). Bioaccumulation coefficient of soil to root ranged from 51-98 for Zn, 54-85 for Cu and 43-63 for Pb.Analysis of variance showed marginal change in bioaccumulation coefficient, noticed between plants (p > 0.05) while it varied significantly (p < 0.01) between tissues and metals. It increased from root to seed/fruit (root > shoot > seed/fruit) while decreased between metals from Zn to Pb (Zn > Cu > Pb). Out of the three, two Cu and Pb accumulated to phyotoxic levels while Zn was within threshold limit of phytotoxicity.
农作物对金属的吸收和积累可能通过食物链造成潜在的健康风险。开展了一项实地调查，以研究用复合工业废水灌溉的土壤和植物中潜在有毒金属污染的积累情况。根际土壤中锌、铜和铅的浓度分别为205 - 255、101 - 130、118 - 177微克/克，根中分别为116 - 223、57 - 102和63 - 95微克/克干重，地上部中分别为95 - 186、44 - 75和27 - 58微克/克干重。铜和铅的积累趋势为：土壤＞根＞地上部＞种子，而锌的积累趋势为：土壤＞根＞种子＞地上部。根积累了土壤中较大比例的铜（70%）＞锌（67%）＞铅（54%）。土壤到根的生物积累系数锌为51 - 98，铜为54 - 85，铅为43 - 63。方差分析表明，植物间生物积累系数变化不大（p＞0.05），而组织和金属间变化显著（p＜0.01）。生物积累系数从根到种子/果实增加（根＞地上部＞种子/果实），而在金属间从锌到铅降低（锌＞铜＞铅）。在这三种金属中，两种金属铜和铅积累到了植物毒性水平，而锌在植物毒性阈值范围内。
