Department of Health, Exercise Science, Sport Management, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha Wisconsin, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 May;26(5):1188-98. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822d5306.
The purpose of this study was to assess the physical demands, injuries, and conditioning practices of stock car drivers. Forty stock car drivers from 27 states in the United States participated in the interviews for 43.9 ± 13.9 minutes. The interviews examined background information, the physical demands of racing, injuries associated with racing, and the athletic and fitness background and practices of the subjects. Numerical data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Responses to open-ended questions were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results revealed significant correlation between track points standings and the length of the resistance training sessions (R = -0.71, p = 0.002) and subject self-assessment of their fitness (R = -0.53, p = 0.045). Results also revealed that "upper-body strength" was identified as the most important physical demand. Extreme fatigue was the most common feeling after a demanding race. Subjects reported that shoulder fatigue was the most common form of muscle soreness experienced after a race. Back and torso injuries were the most common injury, although head injuries most frequently required medical attention. The subjects' biggest fear was fire, followed closely by head and neck injury. The bench press and running were the most commonly performed resistance training and cardiovascular exercises, respectively. Subjects reported that their highest motivation for training was to improve their racing performance. Many subjects had athletic backgrounds with football identified as the sport they had most commonly participated in. This study provides additional detailed information. Results of this study can assist strength and conditioning professionals in the development of strength and conditioning programs for performance enhancement and injury prevention that are specific to the needs of this population of athletes.
本研究旨在评估赛车手的身体需求、损伤和训练情况。来自美国 27 个州的 40 名赛车手参加了时长 43.9±13.9 分钟的访谈。访谈内容包括背景信息、赛车的身体需求、与赛车相关的损伤以及受试者的运动和健身背景及训练情况。数值数据采用皮尔逊相关系数进行分析。对开放式问题的回答采用归纳内容分析法进行分析。结果表明,赛道积分排名与阻力训练时长(R=-0.71,p=0.002)和受试者对自身健康状况的自我评估(R=-0.53,p=0.045)呈显著相关。结果还表明,“上肢力量”是赛车手最看重的身体需求。在一场艰苦的比赛后,极度疲劳是最常见的感觉。受试者报告称,肩部疲劳是比赛后最常见的肌肉酸痛形式。背部和躯干受伤是最常见的损伤,尽管头部受伤最常需要医疗关注。受试者最担心的是火灾,其次是头部和颈部受伤。卧推和跑步分别是最常进行的阻力训练和心血管运动。受试者报告称,他们训练的最大动力是提高比赛表现。许多受试者都有运动背景,其中足球是他们最常参与的运动。本研究提供了更多详细信息。研究结果可以帮助力量和体能专业人员为提高运动表现和预防损伤而制定针对这一运动员群体的力量和体能训练计划。