U.O.C. Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Azienda Universitaria Policlinico, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012 Jun;16(3):373-81. doi: 10.1007/s10157-012-0635-1. Epub 2012 May 3.
Preformed anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies have a negative effect on kidney transplantation outcome with an increased rejection rate and reduction in survival. Posttransplantation production of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies is indicative of an active immune response and risk of transplantation rejection. For many years the primary technique for anti-HLA antibody detection was complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), which has been integrated by solid-phase assays as HLA antigen-coated bead methods (Luminex). This new technological approach has allowed identification of anti-HLA antibodies, not detectable using conventional CDC method, in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. Moreover, use of Luminex technology has enabled better definition of acceptable or unacceptable antigens favoring transplantation in highly immunized patients. However, there are still many unresolved issues, including the clinical relevance of antibodies detected with this system.
预先形成的抗人白细胞抗原 (HLA) 抗体对肾移植结果有负面影响，会增加排斥率并降低存活率。移植后产生的供体特异性抗 HLA 抗体表明存在活跃的免疫反应和移植排斥的风险。多年来，抗 HLA 抗体检测的主要技术是补体依赖性细胞毒性 (CDC)，现已整合为固相检测，即 HLA 抗原包被珠方法 (Luminex)。这种新技术方法使我们能够在等待肾移植的患者中识别出用传统 CDC 方法无法检测到的抗 HLA 抗体。此外，Luminex 技术的使用还能够更好地定义可接受或不可接受的抗原，从而有利于高免疫患者的移植。然而，仍有许多悬而未决的问题，包括该系统检测到的抗体的临床相关性。
