基层医疗中成年人群酒精和药物使用障碍的筛查：一项综述
Screening for alcohol and drug use disorders among adults in primary care: a review.
作者信息
Pilowsky Daniel J, Wu Li-Tzy
机构信息
Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry, Columbia University, and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY.
出版信息
Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2012 Apr;3(1):25-34. doi: 10.2147/SAR.S30057.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 supports integration of substance abuse interventions and treatments into the mainstream health care system. Thus, effective screening and intervention for substance use disorders in health care settings is a priority. OBJECTIVE: This paper reviews the prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders (abuse or dependence) in primary care settings and emergency departments, as well as current screening tools and brief interventions. METHODS: MEDLINE was searched using the following keywords: alcohol use, alcohol use disorder, drug use, drug use disorder, screening, primary care, and emergency departments. Using the related-articles link, additional articles were screened for inclusion. This review focuses on alcohol and drug use and related disorders among adults in primary care settings. CONCLUSION: Screening, brief intervention, and referral for treatment are feasible and effective in primary care settings, provided that funding for screening is available, along with brief interventions and treatment facilities to which patients can be referred and treated promptly.
摘要
背景
2010年的《患者保护与平价医疗法案》支持将药物滥用干预措施和治疗纳入主流医疗体系。因此，在医疗机构中对药物使用障碍进行有效的筛查和干预是一项优先任务。目的：本文综述了初级保健机构和急诊科中酒精和药物使用障碍（滥用或依赖）的患病率，以及当前的筛查工具和简短干预措施。方法：使用以下关键词在MEDLINE中进行检索：酒精使用、酒精使用障碍、药物使用、药物使用障碍、筛查、初级保健、急诊科。利用相关文章链接筛选其他纳入的文章。本综述聚焦于初级保健机构中成年人的酒精和药物使用及相关障碍。结论：只要有筛查资金，以及可供患者及时转诊和接受治疗的简短干预措施和治疗设施，筛查、简短干预和转诊治疗在初级保健机构中是可行且有效的。
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