Topolinski Sascha, Türk Pereira Philippe
Department of Psychology II, Social Psychology, University of Wcrzburg, Roentgenring 10, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Perception. 2012;41(1):71-92. doi: 10.1068/p6903.
We investigated the impact of food deprivation on oral and manual haptic size perception of food and non-food objects. From relevant theories (need-proportional perception, motivated perception, frustrative nonreward, perceptual defence, and sensory sensitisation) at least four completely different competing predictions can be derived. Testing these predictions, we found across four experiments that participants estimated the length of both non-food and food objects to be larger when hungry than when satiated, which was true only for oral haptic perception, while manual haptic perception was not influenced by hunger state. Subjectively reported hunger correlated positively with estimated object size in oral, but not in manual, haptic perception. The impact of food deprivation on oral perception vanished after oral stimulations even for hungry individuals. These results favour a sensory sensitisation account maintaining that hunger itself does not alter oral perception but the accompanying lack of sensory stimulation of the oral mucosa. Both oral and manual haptic perception tended to underestimate actual object size. Finally, an enhancing effect of domain-target matching was found, ie food objects were perceived larger by oral than by manual haptics, while non-food objects were perceived larger by manual than by oral haptics.
我们研究了食物剥夺对食物和非食物物体的口腔触觉和手动触觉大小感知的影响。从相关理论（需求比例感知、动机性感知、挫折性无奖赏、知觉防御和感觉敏感化）中至少可以得出四种完全不同的相互竞争的预测。通过对这些预测进行测试，我们在四个实验中发现，参与者在饥饿时比饱腹时估计非食物和食物物体的长度都更大，这仅适用于口腔触觉感知，而手动触觉感知不受饥饿状态的影响。主观报告的饥饿感在口腔触觉感知中与估计的物体大小呈正相关，但在手动触觉感知中并非如此。即使对于饥饿的个体，口腔刺激后食物剥夺对口腔感知的影响也消失了。这些结果支持感觉敏感化观点，即饥饿本身不会改变口腔感知，而是伴随的口腔黏膜感觉刺激的缺乏。口腔触觉和手动触觉感知都倾向于低估实际物体大小。最后，发现了领域 - 目标匹配的增强效应，即食物物体通过口腔触觉比通过手动触觉被感知为更大，而非食物物体通过手动触觉比通过口腔触觉被感知为更大。
