Kv4.2、Kv4.3 和 Kv1.4 编码的 A 型 K+ 通道差异调节皮质锥体神经元的固有兴奋性。
A-type K+ channels encoded by Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and Kv1.4 differentially regulate intrinsic excitability of cortical pyramidal neurons.
机构信息
Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8103, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
出版信息
J Physiol. 2012 Aug 15;590(16):3877-90. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.229013. Epub 2012 May 21.
Rapidly activating and rapidly inactivating voltage-gated A-type K+ currents, IA, are key determinants of neuronal excitability and several studies suggest a critical role for the Kv4.2 pore-forming α subunit in the generation of IA channels in hippocampal and cortical pyramidal neurons. The experiments here demonstrate that Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and Kv1.4 all contribute to the generation of IA channels in mature cortical pyramidal (CP) neurons and that Kv4.2-, Kv4.3- and Kv1.4-encoded IA channels play distinct roles in regulating the intrinsic excitability and the firing properties of mature CP neurons. In vivo loss of Kv4.2, for example, alters the input resistances, current thresholds for action potential generation and action potential repolarization of mature CP neurons. Elimination of Kv4.3 also prolongs action potential duration, whereas the input resistances and the current thresholds for action potential generation in Kv4.3−/− and WT CP neurons are indistinguishable. In addition, although increased repetitive firing was observed in both Kv4.2−/− and Kv4.3−/− CP neurons, the increases in Kv4.2−/− CP neurons were observed in response to small, but not large, amplitude depolarizing current injections, whereas firing rates were higher in Kv4.3−/− CP neurons only with large amplitude current injections. In vivo loss of Kv1.4, in contrast, had minimal effects on the intrinsic excitability and the firing properties of mature CP neurons. Comparison of the effects of pharmacological blockade of Kv4-encoded currents in Kv1.4−/− and WT CP neurons, however, revealed that Kv1.4-encoded IA channels do contribute to controlling resting membrane potentials, the regulation of current thresholds for action potential generation and repetitive firing rates in mature CP neurons.
快速激活和快速失活电压门控 A 型钾电流(IA)是神经元兴奋性的关键决定因素,多项研究表明 Kv4.2 孔形成 α 亚基在海马和皮质锥体神经元中 IA 通道的产生中起关键作用。这里的实验表明,Kv4.2、Kv4.3 和 Kv1.4 都有助于成熟皮质锥体(CP)神经元中 IA 通道的产生,并且 Kv4.2、Kv4.3 和 Kv1.4 编码的 IA 通道在调节成熟 CP 神经元的固有兴奋性和放电特性方面发挥不同的作用。例如,体内 Kv4.2 的缺失改变了成熟 CP 神经元的输入电阻、动作电位产生的电流阈值和动作电位复极化。消除 Kv4.3 也延长了动作电位持续时间,而 Kv4.3−/− 和 WT CP 神经元的输入电阻和动作电位产生的电流阈值则无法区分。此外,尽管在 Kv4.2−/− 和 Kv4.3−/− CP 神经元中都观察到重复放电增加,但 Kv4.2−/− CP 神经元中的增加仅在小幅度去极化电流注入时观察到,而 Kv4.3−/− CP 神经元中的放电频率仅在大幅度电流注入时更高。相比之下,体内 Kv1.4 的缺失对成熟 CP 神经元的固有兴奋性和放电特性几乎没有影响。然而,比较 Kv1.4−/− 和 WT CP 神经元中 Kv4 编码电流的药理学阻断的影响表明,Kv1.4 编码的 IA 通道有助于控制静息膜电位、动作电位产生的电流阈值调节和成熟 CP 神经元的重复放电频率。