Department of Radiation Oncology, Hazelrig-Salter Radiation Oncology Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Cancer Lett. 2014 Jan 28;342(2):213-22. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.05.015. Epub 2012 May 23.
The study of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, has revealed a plethora of events that contribute to cancer through stable changes in the expression of genes critical to transformation pathways. In this mini review we look at the different epigenetic modifications prevalent in this neoplastic phenotype, focusing on breast cancer. Most encouragingly, research in epigenetics has led to improved survival of patients with certain forms of lymphoma and leukemia through the use of drugs that alter DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Thus, we look at the clinical utility of targeting epigenetic pathways. In addition, we explore numerous other clinical applications of epigenetics, in areas such as cancer screening and early detection, prevention, classification for epidemiology and prognostic purposes, and predicting outcomes after standard therapy.
该研究表观遗传机制在癌症中，如 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰，揭示了许多事件，有助于癌症通过稳定的变化表达基因的关键转化途径。在这篇迷你综述中，我们着眼于不同的表观遗传修饰普遍存在于这种肿瘤表型，重点是乳腺癌。最令人鼓舞的是，在表观遗传学的研究导致了提高某些形式的淋巴瘤和白血病患者的生存率通过使用药物改变 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化。因此，我们看一下靶向表观遗传途径的临床应用。此外，我们还探讨了其他许多表观遗传学的临床应用，如癌症筛查和早期发现、预防、分类用于流行病学和预后目的，并预测标准治疗后的结果。
