Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nutr Cancer. 2012;64(5):695-703. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2012.687426. Epub 2012 May 29.
Phytoestrogens are found in foods such as soy (isoflavones) and flaxseed (lignans), and certain botanical supplements. Their role in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer recurrence and treatment is controversial, and it is unknown how this affects intake among patients. The Ontario Cancer Registry was used to identify 417 population-based breast cancer cases (mean time from diagnosis was 57 days). A questionnaire was mailed to determine intake of phytoestrogen foods and supplements in the last 2 mo, changes since diagnosis and differences by ER tumor status or hormonal treatment. Of 278 (67%) respondents, 56% consumed soy foods, 39% consumed isoflavone-rich foods (tofu, soybeans, soy milk, soy nuts), and 70% ate lignan-rich foods, including flaxseed (33%). Only soy milk, flaxseed, and flaxseed bread were commonly consumed more than once/wk. Few patients (4%) took isoflavone (soy, red clover, kudzu, licorice, isoflavones) or lignan/flaxseed supplements. Since diagnosis, 17% started or stopped soy foods (most stopped); this was more prevalent among those receiving hormonal treatment (20%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 14, 26) than not (6%; 95% CI: 1, 12). No other differences by ER status or hormonal treatment were observed. Research is needed to confirm this and to explore influencing factors.
植物雌激素存在于食物中，如大豆（异黄酮）和亚麻籽（木脂素），以及某些植物补充剂。它们在雌激素受体阳性（ER+）乳腺癌复发和治疗中的作用存在争议，目前尚不清楚这对患者的摄入量有何影响。安大略癌症登记处用于确定 417 例基于人群的乳腺癌病例（从诊断到随访的平均时间为 57 天）。邮寄问卷以确定最近 2 个月内植物雌激素食物和补充剂的摄入量、自诊断以来的变化以及 ER 肿瘤状态或激素治疗的差异。在 278 名（67%）受访者中，56%的人食用大豆食品，39%的人食用富含异黄酮的食物（豆腐、大豆、豆浆、大豆坚果），70%的人食用富含木脂素的食物，包括亚麻籽（33%）。只有豆浆、亚麻籽和亚麻籽面包是常见的每周食用超过一次的食物。少数患者（4%）服用异黄酮（大豆、红三叶草、葛根、甘草、染料木黄酮）或木脂素/亚麻籽补充剂。自诊断以来，17%的患者开始或停止食用大豆食品（大多数停止）；正在接受激素治疗的患者（20%；95%置信区间[CI]：14，26）比未接受治疗的患者（6%；95%CI：1，12）更为常见。未观察到其他与 ER 状态或激素治疗相关的差异。需要进一步研究来证实这一点，并探讨影响因素。
