Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
J Diabetes. 2013 Mar;5(1):25-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2012.00210.x.
The rate of congenital anomalies, as well as morbidity and mortality of both the mother and fetus, is increased in diabetic pregnancy. Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in these effects because of the beneficial effects of several antioxidants in diabetic embryopathy. In the present study, we assessed attenuation of maternal and fetal OS and diabetic embryopathy by Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. (Convolvulaceae).
Pregnant rats were divided into four groups: Group I, untreated non-diabetic control; Group II, rats fed a 2%I. aquatica (IA)-supplemented diet; Group III, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats fed a normal diet; Group IV, STZ-diabetic rats fed an IA-supplemented diet. Rats were rendered diabetic with a single injection of STZ (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 4. Dams were killed on GD20 and markers of OS were determined in the maternal liver and fetal brain and liver.
Embryopathy increased significantly in STZ-diabetic rats (by 40% versus control), but IA supplementation provided significant protection (36% reduction in embryopathy in the IA group versus the STZ-diabetic group). Interestingly, IA supplementation significantly offset diabetes-associated OS in the maternal liver, as evidenced by reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA; 25% reduction versus STZ-diabetes) and reactive oxygen species (ROS; 72% reduction) and increases in glutathione (53% reduction) and total thiols (45% reduction). In addition, IA supplementation offered significant protection against diabetes-induced OS in the fetal brain and liver, as evidenced by increased levels of antioxidant molecules and enzymes and reductions in ROS and MDA compared with fetuses from STZ-diabetic rats.
The data suggest that IA supplementation during pregnancy provides considerable protection against diabetes-induced OS in the mother and fetus. Thus, I. aquatica may be an effective therapeutic supplement.
糖尿病孕妇的先天畸形率以及母婴的发病率和死亡率均升高。由于几种抗氧化剂对糖尿病胚胎病有有益作用，因此氧化应激（OS）与此类影响有关。在本研究中，我们评估了Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.（旋花科）对母体和胎儿 OS 以及糖尿病胚胎病的衰减作用。
将怀孕的大鼠分为四组：第 I 组，未处理的非糖尿病对照；第 II 组，喂食 2％Ipomoea aquatica（IA）补充饮食的大鼠；第 III 组，喂食正常饮食的链脲佐菌素（STZ）-糖尿病大鼠；第 IV 组，喂食 IA 补充饮食的 STZ-糖尿病大鼠。在妊娠第 4 天（GD）通过单次注射 STZ（40mg/kg）使大鼠产生糖尿病。GD20 时处死大鼠，并在母鼠肝脏和胎儿大脑和肝脏中测定 OS 标志物。
STZ-糖尿病大鼠的胚胎病显着增加（与对照组相比增加了 40％），但 IA 补充剂提供了显着的保护作用（IA 组与 STZ-糖尿病组相比，胚胎病减少了 36％）。有趣的是，IA 补充剂显着减轻了母体肝脏中与糖尿病相关的 OS，这表现为 MDA（降低 25％）和 ROS（降低 72％）减少，谷胱甘肽（降低 53％）和总巯基（降低 45％）增加。此外，与来自 STZ-糖尿病大鼠的胎儿相比，IA 补充剂对胎儿大脑和肝脏中由糖尿病引起的 OS 提供了显着的保护作用，这表现为抗氧化分子和酶的水平升高，以及 ROS 和 MDA 的减少。
数据表明，怀孕期间 IA 补充剂可提供对母体和胎儿由糖尿病引起的 OS 的极大保护。因此，Ipomoea aquatica 可能是一种有效的治疗性补充剂。
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