MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 Jun 1;61(21):390-3.
Newborn screening is the practice of testing every newborn for certain harmful or potentially fatal conditions, such as hearing loss and certain genetic, endocrine, and metabolic disorders that typically are not otherwise apparent at birth. Newborn screening in the United States began in the 1960s. Universal newborn screening has become a well-established, state-based, public health system involving education, screening, diagnostic follow-up, treatment and management, and system monitoring and evaluation. Each year, >98% of approximately 4 million newborns in the United States are screened. Through early identification, newborn screening provides an opportunity for treatment and significant reductions in morbidity and mortality.
新生儿筛查是指对所有新生儿进行特定的有害或潜在致命疾病的检测，例如听力损失以及某些在出生时通常不明显的遗传、内分泌和代谢紊乱。美国的新生儿筛查始于 20 世纪 60 年代。普遍的新生儿筛查已成为一种成熟的、以州为基础的公共卫生系统，包括教育、筛查、诊断后的随访、治疗和管理，以及系统监测和评估。每年，美国大约 400 万新生儿中有超过 98%接受了筛查。通过早期识别，新生儿筛查为治疗提供了机会，并显著降低了发病率和死亡率。
