Ageeva M V, Chernova T E, Gorshkova T A
Ontogenez. 2012 Mar-Apr;43(2):113-20.
Plant fibers represent specialized cells that perform a mechanical function. Their development includes the following phases, typical for the most plant cells: anlage, extension growth, specialization, senescence, and apoptosis. Ultrastructural analysis of these cells has been carried out at the late phases of their development (senescence and apoptosis) using flax phloem fibers, a classical object for the analysis of sclerenchyma fiber formation. The results of the performed analysis show that flax fiber protoplasts remain viable until the end ofa vegetation season. The ultrastructural analysis of flax phloem fibers has not revealed any typical apoptosis manifestations. Gradual degradation of the cytoplasm starts during the active thickening of a secondary cell wall and manifests via the intensification of autolytic processes, causing a partial loss of cell content. The final stage represents the breaking of tonoplast integrity. The obtained data allow us to suppose that the apoptosis of flax fibers occurs during their senescence, and its program is similar to the cell death program realized in the xylem fibers of woody plants.
植物纤维是执行机械功能的特化细胞。它们的发育包括以下几个阶段，这对大多数植物细胞来说是典型的：原基形成、伸长生长、特化、衰老和凋亡。利用亚麻韧皮纤维这一分析厚壁组织纤维形成的经典对象，对这些细胞发育后期（衰老和凋亡）进行了超微结构分析。所进行的分析结果表明，亚麻纤维原生质体在整个生长季节结束前都保持活力。亚麻韧皮纤维的超微结构分析未发现任何典型的凋亡表现。细胞质的逐渐降解在次生细胞壁的活跃增厚过程中开始，并通过自溶过程的强化表现出来，导致细胞内容物部分丧失。最后阶段是液泡膜完整性的破坏。所获得的数据使我们能够推测，亚麻纤维的凋亡发生在其衰老过程中，其程序类似于木本植物木质部纤维中实现的细胞死亡程序。
