Al Busaidy Najat Saif Mohammed, Borthwick Alan
Armed Forces Hospital, Occupational Therapy Department, Seeb, Oman.
Occup Ther Int. 2012 Sep;19(3):154-64. doi: 10.1002/oti.1332. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
Occupational therapy theory and philosophy are broadly considered to be based on Western cultural values. In contrast, the application of theory and practice in the Sultanate of Oman, historically based on traditional Middle Eastern and Islamic cultural values, provides a case exemplar, which highlights both paradigmatic differences and cultural dissonance. Drawing on the experiences of occupational therapists working in Oman, this study found that the application of therapeutic goals aimed at patient independence and autonomy were difficult to achieve in an environment where family duty and responsibility for care were highly prized. Dressing and cooking assessments were challenging, and issues related to gender proved problematic. Therapists found the need to adapt practice to acknowledge these differences, and to adopt pragmatic problem-solving strategies, without resolving the underpinning philosophical contradictions. Occupational therapy in Oman is under-researched; further work is needed to confirm the cross-cultural validity of specific assessments and practice models.
职业治疗理论与理念普遍被认为基于西方文化价值观。相比之下，阿曼苏丹国的理论与实践应用，历史上基于中东和伊斯兰传统文化价值观，提供了一个案例典范，凸显了范式差异与文化冲突。基于在阿曼工作的职业治疗师的经验，本研究发现，在一个高度重视家庭责任与护理义务的环境中，旨在实现患者独立与自主的治疗目标难以达成。穿衣和烹饪评估颇具挑战性，与性别相关的问题也被证明存在问题。治疗师发现有必要调整实践以承认这些差异，并采用务实的解决问题策略，而不解决潜在的哲学矛盾。阿曼的职业治疗研究不足；需要进一步开展工作来确认特定评估和实践模式的跨文化有效性。
