Díaz Guzmán J
Unidad de Ictus, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Neurologia. 2012 Mar;27 Suppl 1:4-9. doi: 10.1016/S0213-4853(12)70002-6.
Approximately one in four ischemic strokes is of cardioembolic origin. Non-valvular atrial fibrillation accounts for 50% of these cases, followed by myocardial infarction, intraventricular thrombus, valvular heart disease and a miscellany of causes. The incidence of embolic heart disease in the population could be about 30 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year, and its prevalence between 5 and 10 cases per 1,000 persons aged 65 years or older. Hospital mortality is high, and 5-year survival is only one out of every five patients. The recurrence rate of this type of stroke is about 12% at 3 months, higher than that of non-cardioembolic stroke. The severity of cardioembolic strokes and the resulting disability are greater than with non-cardioembolic stroke. Age, a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, hypertension, diabetes and heart failure play a role in stroke with atrial fibrillation as additional risk factors for future embolisms. Stroke rates can reach over 20% per year and therefore the prevention and treatment of these events are of paramount importance.
约四分之一的缺血性中风源自心源性栓塞。其中，非瓣膜性心房颤动占50%，其次是心肌梗死、心室内血栓、瓣膜性心脏病以及其他各种病因。人群中心源性栓塞性心脏病的发病率可能约为每年每10万居民30例，在65岁及以上人群中的患病率为每1000人5至10例。医院死亡率很高，5年生存率仅为五分之一。此类中风在3个月时的复发率约为12%，高于非心源性栓塞性中风。心源性栓塞性中风的严重程度及由此导致的残疾程度均高于非心源性栓塞性中风。年龄、中风或短暂性脑缺血发作史、高血压、糖尿病和心力衰竭在伴有心房颤动的中风中起作用，是未来栓塞的额外危险因素。中风发生率每年可达20%以上，因此预防和治疗这些事件至关重要。
